Histology Slides Database

Sunday, December 16, 2012

Colloid Goiter/ Simple-Non toxic goiter histology slides

Follicles in a normal thyroid gland contain colloid that is involved in thyroid hormones synthesis. In states of continuous/chronic low thyroid hormones in body , the thyroid follicles undergo hyperplastic changes in response to high TSH levels. Later, a stage comes when all the demands of body for thyroid hormones are met and then the gland goes to Colloid/Non Toxic form, where the follicular epithelium may be involuted but the follicles almost always contain rich Colloid , as shown in the slides. Please do not confuse Multinodular goiter with colloid goiter. That is a different thyroid pathology. But do remember, that Colloid Goiter is non-toxic.

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CLL- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia hematology slides

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) also known as Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma presents a lymph node picture of very small lymphocytes containing irregular nuclei. these small lymphocytes are mixed with varying number of larger cells known as polymorphocytes. In peripheral smear of blood, small lymphocytes predominate that contain scanty cytoplasm ,and are kind of disrupted cells often called as smudge cells.

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CLL histopathology slide

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Saturday, October 8, 2011

Histological comparison Between various Tubules of Kidney

Histological comparison Between various Tubules of Kidney

Parameter	Proximal Convoluted tubule	Loop of Henle	Distal Convoluted Tubule	Collecting tubule
Length	15 mm		5 mm
Diameter	60 nm	12-15 jim	20-50 nm
Lumen	Smaller (because of brush border)	Larger	Larger (because of lack of brush border)	Larger
Convoluted	More		Less
Epithelium	Simple columnar epithelium	Simple squamous epithelium	Simple cuboidal epithelium	Simple cuboidal epithelium
Number of eells/T.S. of tubule	6-12	6-12	5-8 (but up to 20 at its macula densa)	15-20
Nuclel/T.S. of tubule «	3-5, large, centrally located and rounded	6-12 and are centrally located	6-8 and appear to be bulging into the lumen	15-20 and are centrally located
Apical canaliculi	Present	Absent	Absent	Absent
Luminal surface of epithelial cells	Brush border (striated)			Basal striations
Lateral cell boundaries	Not clear	Not clear	Not clear	Clearly demarcated
Apical brush border of cells (microvilli)	Well-developed & possess phosphate enzymes	Only few microvilli	Not-well developed	Few microvilli
Cytoplasmic basal acidophilic mitochondrial strlatlons	Well-developed	Absent	Present but faintly stained	May be seen in some cells but poorly stained
Cytoplasm	Deeply acidophilic & more granular	Pale staining	Less acidophilic & less granular	Very pale staining
Reabsorptlon	Actively absorb glucose, amino acids & proteins		Absorb sodium due to aldosterone	Water
Excretion	Certain dyes & drugs (penicillin)		Sodium & potassium due to vasopressin

comparison Between various Tubules of Kidney

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Histology Of Collecting Tubules

Collecting Tubule:

It is excretory . In renal cortex it lies in medullary ray and running straight, passes into medulla where 6-8 collecting ducts join to form larger straight ducts called papillary ducts of Balllnl, which open at the apex of papilla.

Collecting tubules and ducts are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium with distinct lateral borders of cells. The cytoplasm Is poorly stained and has a small dark central nucleus. There is no brush border or basal strlatlons. The papilla is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

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Histology Of Bowman's Capsule:

Histology Of Bowman's Capsule:

It is a double-walled capsule comprising of outer parietal and inner visceral layers and a space between two layers, which is known as urinary space.

Parietal layer is made up of simple squamous epithelium with reticular fibres.

Its basal lamina covers outer surface of flat cells. At urinary pole it continues with simple low columnar epithelium of PCT.

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Histology Of a Nephron:

Each kidney contains approximately 1-4 million nephrons.

There are two types of nephrons;

The cortical nephrons have short Henles loop while

Juxta- medullary nephrons have long loop of Henle.

Each nephron begins as a double-walled, cup-shaped dilatation known as Bowman's capsule.

A tuft of 50 capillaries called glomerulus occupies the concavity of Bowman's capsule.

The Bowman's capsule and glomerulus are collectively known as Malphlglan corpuscle (renal corpuscle).

Each corpuscle (200 nm in diameter) consists of Bowman's capsule, glomerulus of capillaries, afferent and efferent arterioles and mesanglal cells.

From the Bowman's capsule's basal region, the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) arises which continues downward into loop of Henle (LOH).

This loop ascends up to continue into distal convoluted tubule (DCT), which joins the collecting tubules. The renal corpuscles, proximal and distal convoluted tubules lie in the cortex of kidney while loops of Henle lie in the medullary rays.

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